Английский язык
Переведите текст: There are 3 chief parts of the human body: the head, the trunk, the limbs or extremities. The skeleton of the body is composed of 223 bones of various size and shapes, which give firm but flexible support to the soft tissues, muscles, and organs. The body framework of the head, enclosing the brain and supporting the face, is the skull.The skeleton of the trunk mainly consists of the spinal column made of a series of bony rings. The trunk is divided into two large cavities by the diaphragm. The chest is the upper of these cavities, the belly or the abdomen- the lower. The upper cavity contains heart and lungs. In the lower cavity there is stomach, liver, gallbladder and the intestines. The lungs belong to the respiratory systems. Kidneys and bladder are part of the urinary systems. The heart, the arteries, veins constitute the cardiovascular system. The upper extremity is divided into the shoulder, the upper arm, the forearm and the hand. Each hand has 4 fingers and one thumb. The parts of the lower extremity are the thigh(hip), the lower leg and the foot. Ответьте на вопросы с помощью текста: 1. What are the chief parts of the human body? 2. What does the skeleton consist of? 3. What does the skull contain? 4. How do we call the large cavities into which the trunk is divided? 5. What organs does the chest contain? 6. What are the parts of the upper extremity? 7. What organs are located in the belly? 8. What parts does the lower extremity consist of? 9. What systems of organs are named in the text? 10. What organs belong to the urinary system? 11. What system of organs do lungs belong to? 12. What constitutes the cardiovascular system?
Помогите перевести! Не через переводчик! UNDERGROUND RAILWAYS The underground railway is the quickest, safest, most reliable and comfortable means of city’s transport. Metro can solve the problems of carrying a great number of passengers in large cities as well as the problems of traffic jams, air contamination and noise. However, from the technical point of view the underground railway system is very expensive and complicated constructional work. This system includes subsurface lines, ground based lines and elevated lines. Ground based lines are usually used at the terminations of the underground railways. Besides the underground and surface structures involve stations, tunnels, escalators, underpasses, ventilation and sanitary engineering as well as a power supply system. The permanent way of underground railways differs from the usual railway track. The sleepers are only 0.9 m long. They are shorter than those of the railroad track which are 2.7 m long. The sleepers of the usual track are laid upon ballast made of broken stone or other materials. The crossties of the underground railway are laid directly on concrete base. It is more expensive but keeps air free from dust. If the ballast were made of slag, gravel, sand or even broken stone, the train would be followed by the dust clouds. All Metro trains are powered by electricity. The current is obtained from the third rail. This contact rail is laid along the whole track and transmits the direct current of 825 volts to the train electromotor through the pantograph. The Underground carrying capacity depends on the number of coaches, which ranges from 2 to 8 per train and the frequency of train running which ranges from 80 seconds to 8 minutes. Nowadays there are underground railways in 80 cities all over the world. The first Metro railways lines were constructed in London in 1863. It is the oldest but not the longest Underground. New York was the second city to build the subway. The first track was laid in 1868 and nowadays it is the longest Metro in the world. The shortest Metro line was constructed in Turkey. Its length is only 600 m but Istanbul is very proud of the metropolitan means of traffic.
